The criminal division of the Court of Cassation, France’s highest appeals court, issued a decision last October, affirming that the call to boycott Israeli goods is a misdemeanor in France and punishable as such. A small group of activists of the Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions (BDS) campaign, who in 2010 had chanted slogans, handed out leaflets, and worn T-shirts at a supermarket near Mulhouse, calling for a boycott of Israeli goods, had been brought to trial for “provoking discrimination” against the producers and suppliers of goods (considered as a “group of people”) by reason of their belonging to the Israeli nation. The activists were cleared at the first trial, but in November 2013, they were found guilty upon appeal by the Colmar Appeals Court, and were sentenced to pay 12000 euros in damages to the plaintiffs, as well as stiff legal fees. In rejecting their appeal of this sentence, the Court of Cassation affirmed that in calling upon consumers not to buy Israeli goods, the activists were indeed guilty of a misdemeanor – a call to national discrimination – and that the Colmar Appeals Court sentence was thus legally justified.By the decision of October 20, 2015, France becomes the only country in the world – alongside Israel – to penalize civic appeals not to buy Israeli goods. In all the major democratic countries, the Israeli government’s repeated demands to penalize boycott calls have been rejected, in the name of freedom of expression, of the need for a democratic debate (which may include controversial aspects) on international questions, and of respect for political associations. Whether one is for or against BDS as a way of bringing about a solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict based on international law, no one outside France denies the peaceful character of the movement and its right to act and to develop, notably by boycott calls, including the call to boycott Israeli goods.

In this spirit, a group of French intellectuals and activists has recently announced their intention to defy the Court of Cassation, and the policy of the past two French governments, by calling explicitly for a boycott of Israeli goods. In doing so they know they risk prosecution for an act that elsewhere is considered protected freedom of speech. A translation of the new boycott statement is copied below. Whether or not you agree with the tactics of BDS, we ask you to support freedom of speech in France by signing our petition.

We, the undersigned academics, many of us with long connections to France, are shocked to learn that the French Court of Cassation issued a ruling last October that qualifies the call to boycott Israeli goods as a crime under French law. While we do not all necessarily agree with the call to boycott Israeli goods, we do recognize that the call to boycott a state or an institution for its unjust practices is universally considered a legitimate form of peaceful non-violent protest. It is unacceptable for France, a country that makes a point of claiming freedom of speech as one of its guiding principles, to criminalize a fundamental right of political expression. We call upon the French government to display consistency in its defense of freedom of speech and to cease its persecution of non-violent protestors.

If you are an active or retired academic you can sign this petition here: http://goo.gl/forms/48okW5AjOo

The list of first signatories is available below under the English translation of the Mediapart call.

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English translation of the call “Nous appelons au boycott des produits israéliens !” published on Mediapart on January 19, 2016

https://blogs.mediapart.fr/edition/les-invites-de-mediapart/article/190116/nous-appelons-au-boycott-des-produits-israeliens

Call to boycott Israeli goods

We will not comply with the decision of the Cour de Cassation of October 20, 2015!

On October 20, 2015, through two decisions, the Cour de Cassation [the highest appeals court in France] declared that the call to boycott Israeli products is illegal, and confirmed the severe sentence that had been imposed on several activists of the BDS (boycott, divestment, and sanctions) movement. To this end, the court made use of an article on the law of the press that refers to the misdemeanor of “provocation to discrimination, to hatred or to violence against an individual or a group of people by virtue of their origin or their belonging to a specific ethnic group, nation, race, or religion.”

This decision is not merely surprising; it is scandalous. The law in question was intended to protect an individual or a group of people who are victims of discrimination by virtue or their origin or their belonging or not belonging to an ethnic group, nation, race, or religion. It was by no means intended to protect the policies of a State against civic criticism, when that criticism takes the form of a boycott of goods. On many occasions, organizations around the world have called for a boycott of Burma, Russia, China, or Mexico, and this clause was never invoked.

Despite the insistence of the Ministry of Justice, most of the French jurisdictions that have been called upon to rule on this question in recent years have refused to consider the call to boycott Israeli goods to be a criminal offense.

With the decision of the Court of Cassation, France has become the only democracy in the world to impose such a prohibition. The situation is that much more paradoxical in a country that for a year has not stopped insisting on its devotion to freedom of expression, and it’s more than likely that the European Court of Human Rights will annul this judgment. Even the Court of Cassation has to take responsibility for its decisions and to respect universal principles, which notably include freedom of expression.

The BDS movement was created in the context of a failure of the international community, which was unable to put an end to settlements and to protect Palestinians from the daily abuses at the hands of the army and Israeli settlers. The boycott movement has been meeting with growing success around the world, as the only non-violent means to put pressure on Israel. It allows all those who wish to find a peaceful expression of their solidarity and to protest against Israel’s favored treatment on the part of the international community, in spite of its constant violations of international law. This is why we are calling to support and strengthen the BDS movement and to boycott Israeli goods.

Signatories:

Ahmed Abbes, Directeur de recherche au CNRS, Paris
Sihame Assbague, activist
Etienne Balibar, Professeur émérite, Université de Paris-Ouest Nanterre
Saí¯d Bouamama, sociologist
Rony Brauman, medical doctor, essayist
Sonia Dayan, Professeure émérite, l’Université Paris Diderot-Paris7
Christine Delphy, sociologist, cofounder of Nouvelles Questions Féministes
Alain Gresh, journalist
Nacira Guénif, sociologist, Université Paris 8
Christian Salmon, author
Azzedine Taí¯bi, Mayor of Stains
Marie-Christine Vergiat, member of European Parliament

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The first signatories of the petition in support of the right to call for a boycott of Israeli goods in France:

Cristina Bacchielga, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, United States
Rob Ballantyne, Indigenous peoples of Canada, Saskatoon, Canada
Angelo Baracca, Retired Professor University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
Ronnie Barkan, Boycott from Within, Tel-Aviv, Palestine48 (aka Israel proper)
Mary Beaman, Writer, London, U.K.
Ali Benlyazid, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
Karen Bett, Consultant psychiatrist, Glasgow, United Kingdom
Robert Boyce, London School of Economics, London, United Kingdom
Haim Bresheeth, SOAS, London, UK
Roel Burgler, Doctor, political and social sciences, amsterdam, Netherlands
Rebecca Comay, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
David Comedi, Physics Professor and Principal Researcher, National University of Tucumán and National Research Council of Argentina, Tucumán, Argentina
Mauro Cristaldi, Comitato “Scienziate/i contro la guerra”, Rome, Italy
Marc David, Universiteit Antwerpen, Antwerpen, Belgium
Chandler Davis, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
Colin Dayan, Vanderbilt, Nashville, USA
Lieven De Cauter, Philosopher, Brussels, Belgium
Herman De Ley, Ghent University (Belgium), Nevele, Belgium
Jasper Delva, KULeuven, Leuven, Belgium
Claude Desaulniers, Retired professor, University of Cape Breton, Université Laval & McGill University, Dartmouth, Canada
Judith Deutsch, Independent Jewish Voices, Toronto, Canada
Nada Elia, Northwest Language Academy, Clinton, USA
Vincent Fontaine , Musician, Brussels , Belgium
Jeff Fort, University of California, Davis, Oakland, USA
Hassan Fouda, University of California, Berkeley, United States
Cynthia Franklin, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, USA
Joseba Gabilondo , Michigan state university, Lansing, USA
Maria Belen Gargiulo, Licenciada en Artes en Artes Visuales, Prof. Lenguaje Visual 7 – UNA-, Buenos Aires, Argentina
Daniela Garofalo, University of Oklahoma, Norman, USA
Terri Ginsberg, The American University in Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
Faekah Gohar, Medical doctor and researcher, Muenster, Germany
Tony Greenstein, UNISON, Brighton, United Kingdom
Jan-Erik Gustafsson, Associate prof, KTH Sweden, Stockholm, Sweden
Noah Guynn, University of California, Davis, Davis, United States
Salah Hassan, Michigan State University, Lansing, USA
Shir Hever, Activist, Jerusalem, Israel
Robert Holmes, Musician, Dublin, Ireland
Tim Hourigan, Researcher, Limerick, Ireland
Ferran Izquierdo, Universitat Autí²noma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
Nadim Keith, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
David Klein, California Mathematics department, State University, Northridge, Los Angeles, USA
Zoe Lawlor, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
Lucien Legrand, Retired sociologist researcher in the matters of national, european and world migrations, Luxembourg, Luxembourg
Les Levidow, Open University, London, UK
David Lloyd, University of California, Riverside, Los Angeles, USA
Sunaina Maira, University of California, Davis, Oakland, United States
Jamal Mimouni, Mentouri University, Constantine, Algérie
Susette Min, UC Davis, Davis, USA
Bill Mullen, Purdue University, West Lafayette, United States
Ofer Neiman , Student , Jerusalem , Israel
Martin O’Quigley, IPSC, IMPACT, Dublin, Ireland
David Palumbo-Liu, Louise Hewlett Nixon Professor, Stanford, Palo Alto, US
Ernesto Perez Hernandez, Studient, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Sylvia Posadas, Writer, Pomona, Australia
Nicola Pratt, University of Warwick , Coventry, UK
Timothy J Reiss, Professor Emeritus, New York University, El Cerrito, CA, United States
Bruce Robbins, Columbia University, New York, United States
Jonathan Rosenhead, London School of Economics, London, UK
Andrew Ross, New York University, New York, USA
Fadi Saba, Culture and Conflict Forum, San Jose, United States
Claudia Saba, Student, Dublin, Ireland
Fuad Saleh, Georgetown University, Washington DC, United States
Heike Schotten, Associate Professor of Political Science, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA, USA
Richard Seaford, Professor, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
Fintan Sheerin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
Sidney Shniad, Independent Jewish Voices Canada, Surrey, Canada
Julia Simon, University of California, Davis, DAVIS, United States
Kobi Snitz, Weizmann institute, Tel Aviv, Israel
Gayatri Chakravorty Spivak, Columbia University, New York, USA
Lina Suleiman, Teacher & Researcher /KTH , Stockholm, Sweden
Carlos Taibo, Professor UAM, Madrid, Spain
Rachel Thevenard, Student, Kitchener, Canada
Lode Vanoost, Journalist, Sint-Genesius-Rode, Belgium
Agustin Velloso, UNED, Madrid, Spain
Carlos Villán Durán, Président, Société Espagnole pour le Droit international des droits humains, Oviedo, Espagne
Robert Warrior, University of Illinois, USA, Champaign, Illinois, USA
Naomi Woodspring, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK
Karim Zahidi, Universiteit Antwerpen, Gent, Belgium